摘要：Objective:To investigate the effects of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) on expression of IL-8 in endometrial stromal cells (ESC) and evaluate the relationship between IL1 β and IL-8 ,and the significance of IL-1β in the development of endometriosis. Methods:The endometrial stromal cells obtained from patient with and without endometriosis cultured within 3 ～5 passage were exposed to various concentrations of IL-1β. The amount of IL-8 protein was assessed by ELISA. The expression of IL-8 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Results: 1. IL-8 protein was detected in culture supernatant of which the cells were not treated with IL-1β. The amount of IL-8 protein secretion increased obviously after stimulation with IL-1β at 1.0ng/ml for 4h and the peak of secretion was at 12h. 2. Expression of IL-8 mRNA was positive in unstimulated endometrial stromal cells. However, after stromal cells were incubated with IL-1β, the intensity of expression of IL-8 mRNA was obviously increased and demonstrated a dose-and timedependent manner. Increase of IL-8 mRNA was observed following stimulation with IL-1β for 4h ,and the peak at 12h. Conclusions:IL-1β induces endometrial stromal cell of endometriosis to express IL-8 not only at transcription level but also at post-transcription level. This up-regulation is dose-and time-dependent. IL-1β may play an important role in the onset of endometriosis.